Fertility Tests in Women and Reproductive Organ Examinations

To get pregnant, the female reproductive organs must function optimally. When pregnancy does not come despite regular sex, some of these procedures can be used as a fertility test to check the health of the female reproductive organs. Some female organs that are directly involved and must perform well in the reproductive system, are the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries (ovaries). When one of the reproductive organs is not working optimally, a fertility test is needed to determine the conditions and disorders that occur in each of these organs. The doctor will do several fertility tests to identify a variety of problems that might be the cause of infertility. In addition to examining the reproductive organs, the doctor will also perform ovulation function tests and hormone testing to determine the cause of infertility.

Reproductive Organ Inspection Procedure

Here are some methods of examining the female reproductive organs, including:

• Hysterosalfingography or HSG

The first procedure that can be used to check the condition of the female reproductive organs is hysterosalfingography (HSG). This fertility test uses X-rays to take pictures of the inside of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and surrounding areas. Before this procedure is performed, a contrast fluid is injected into the uterus first. This procedure aims to ensure that the uterus and fallopian tubes are in normal condition. In addition, this procedure can also be used to detect problems in the uterus that may inhibit conception, such as abnormal structures in the uterus and blockages in the fallopian tubes.

• Transvaginal ultrasound

Another method that can be used to determine the condition of the female reproductive organs is transvaginal ultrasound. This procedure is taking pictures of the reproductive organs using an ultrasound device through the vagina. Organs that can be identified by this condition are the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, cervix, and vagina. In addition to infertility reasons, transvaginal ultrasound tests can also be used for women who experience vaginal bleeding, ectopic pregnancy, pelvic pain, and check the position of contraceptives in the uterus. This procedure can also help diagnose cancers of the reproductive organs, cysts, miscarriage, placenta previa, and birth defects in the fetus.

• Hysterics

To find out the condition of the inside of the female reproductive organs, hysteroscopic procedures can also be done. This procedure is usually carried out by means of a thin and flexible tube with a camera on the end that is inserted into the uterus. This tool will look at the condition of the inside of the uterus and take tissue samples if needed. Hysteroscopic procedures are also considered appropriate to find out the cause of abnormal bleeding experienced by the uterus. Severe bleeding that occurs during menstruation or bleeding after menopause can also be examined for the cause through this method. Hysteroscopy can also detect the presence of fibroids, polyps, or uterine deformities.

• Laparoscopy

Apart from the three procedures above, another procedure that can be used is laparoscopy. This procedure is carried out by inserting a small camera into the abdomen through a small incision made in the abdomen. The point is to look at all parts of the pelvis so they can find out what causes infertility. Some causes of infertility, such as endometriosis, ovarian cysts, and adhesions caused by diseases in the ovaries and fallopian tubes can be seen as well as treated. Laparoscopy can also be used to diagnose pelvic inflammatory disease.

Examination of Ovulation Function and Hormone Levels

Before undergoing fertility tests to check the female reproductive organs, also check your ovulation and hormone functions. Ovulation itself is a phase in a woman's menstrual cycle related to the release of an egg. Fertilization occurs when the egg meets sperm during its journey from the fallopian tube to the uterus. Ovulation is controlled by various hormones. To detect whether a woman is ovulating can be done by detecting levels of progesterone, a hormone that indicates ovulation. Examination of LH (luteinizing hormone) levels may also be needed because this hormone increases just before ovulation. In addition, basal body temperature can also help. Other hormone tests, including thyroid hormones, may need to be done to check for other medical conditions related to infertility. High levels of the hormone FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) can also affect a woman's fertility. In addition to checking the levels through blood tests, CCCT tests with clomiphene (clomiphene citrate challenge testing) can also be done. Fertility tests are generally recommended by doctors for women who want to ascertain and overcome the causes of infertility and disorders of their reproductive organs. The fertility test itself is different from the fertility test. Fertility test serves to find out when a woman is in the fertile period of her menstrual cycle. This needs to be known because this time is the most appropriate time to have sexual relations for couples who want to get offspring. You can consult an obstetrician to undergo various fertility tests above according to your condition.